A Survey on Congestion Control Protocols for CoAP

The Internet of things (IoT) comprises things interconnected through the internet with unique identities. Congestion management is one of the most challenging tasks in networks. The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a low-footprint protocol designed for IoT networks and has been defined by IETF. In IoT networks, CoAP nodes have limited network and battery resources. The CoAP standard has an exponential backoff congestion control mechanism. This backoff mechanism may not be adequate for all IoT applications. The characteristics of each IoT application would be different. Further, the events such as unnecessary retransmissions and packet collision caused due to links with high losses and packet transmission errors may lead to network congestion. Various congestion handling algorithms for CoAP have been defined to enrich the performance of IoT applications. Our paper presents a comprehensive survey on the evolution of the congestion control mechanism used in IoT networks. We have classified the protocols into RTO-based, queue-monitoring, and rate-based. We review congestion avoidance protocols for CoAP networks and discuss directions for future work

Social factors influencing diabetes mellitus in adults attending a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur: a cross sectional study

Background: Social determinants of the health are the conditions in which individuals are born, grow, live and age. Increasingly, these are being recognized for their relationship to the soaring incidence of diabetes mellitus. So, we conducted a study to find the social factors of diabetes mellitus.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in adults having type 2 diabetes in outpatient department of tertiary care institute in Nagpur from July to September 2015. Socio demographic factors, health care access factors, stress related factors and self-care behavior of these patients were studied. Data was analyzed using Epi Info 7.1 software.Results: Out of 140 diabetic patients studied females were predominant (55.71%). Most of them were married (92.85%), were Muslim by religion (47.14%), were from nuclear families, (53.57%) and lower middle class (40%). 50% said that they have health care facilities nearby their house and 50.71% do not get drugs regularly in that health care facility. and only (27.14%) were insured. 64.28% of study subjects said that they were accompanied by relatives to hospital. The financial stress (73.57%) and family stress (72.85%) was more in the patients than work stress (49.28 %). 75.72% and 71.42 % checked their blood sugar levels every 6 monthly and blood pressure every monthly and very less patients kept follow up for complications.Conclusions: Our study showed that in spite of having health care facility nearby, the irregularity of drugs was a major concern. Very less study subjects were insured for their health, this implicates higher stress related factors. They had less compliance towards follow-up of complications of diabetes mellitus

Proceedings of National Conference on Relevance of Engineering and Science for Environment and Society

This conference proceedings contains articles on the various research ideas of the academic community and practitioners presented at the National Conference on Relevance of Engineering and Science for Environment and Society (R{ES}2 2021). R{ES}2 2021 was organized by Shri Pandurang Pratishthan’s, Karmayogi Engineering College, Shelve, Pandharpur, India on July 25th, 2021. Conference Title: National Conference on Relevance of Engineering and Science for Environment and SocietyConference Acronym: R{ES}2 2021Conference Date: 25 July 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizers: Shri Pandurang Pratishthan’s, Karmayogi Engineering College, Shelve, Pandharpur, India